NEW DELHI– Abdominal obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and dietary shifts are key drivers behind the early and more aggressive onset of type 2 diabetes among South Asians, including Indians, according to a new study published in the BMJ.
The research, led by Dr. Anoop Misra, Director of the Diabetes Foundation (India), in collaboration with scientists from the U.S., U.K., and Sri Lanka, highlights that South Asians often develop diabetes at a younger age and at lower body mass index levels compared to white populations.
“Diabetes in South Asians often begins at lower body weight, progresses rapidly, and leads to more complications such as kidney disease and heart attacks,” Dr. Misra said.
The study noted that South Asians typically show higher abdominal fat, lower skeletal muscle mass, and greater accumulation of liver fat. Combined with faster deterioration of pancreatic beta cells, this contributes to accelerated blood sugar progression and higher risks of retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease.
Researchers also found that South Asians experience higher post-meal glucose spikes and transition more quickly from prediabetes to diabetes. Lifestyle factors such as high consumption of refined carbohydrates and low levels of physical activity add to the risk.
“Prevention through healthy diet, physical activity, and weight control is critical, and it must begin early,” said Dr. Misra, a former professor at AIIMS. He added that lack of affordable healthcare and limited awareness often delay diagnosis, worsening outcomes in underserved communities.
The study calls for urgent action to strengthen healthcare systems, expand access to affordable treatment, and implement large-scale preventive measures across South Asia to address the rising prevalence of diabetes, especially among younger populations. (Source: IANS)
